Attacks halt Iran dissident cleric's memorial service

[frigidmagi]

Yahoo

Opponents of Iran's most senior dissident cleric Grand Ayatollah Hossein Ali Montazeri stopped his memorial service in a tumultuous day in Qom on Monday which saw huge protests and some shots fired, websites said.

The car of Iranian opposition leader Mirhossein Mousavi was attacked by "plainclothes men" on motorbikes as he was returning to Tehran from the service in Qom and one member of his entourage was injured, one of the websites said.

The incidents came after huge crowds of Iranians marked Montazeri's funeral in the holy city, 125 km (80 miles) south of Tehran. Websites reported scuffles between mourners and police, with one saying warning shots were fired.

"Around 2,000 of Montazeri's opponents arrived at Azam mosque and halted his memorial service. The assailants tore placards," the conservative Ayande website said, referring to a prominent Qom mosque.

As a result, "his memorial service was canceled halfway through," Ayande said, adding that security forces "did not take measures to prevent the assailants' act of sabotage."

Montazeri, who died during Saturday night aged 87, was an architect of the 1979 revolution that overthrew the U.S.-backed shah and was once named to succeed Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini as supreme leader of the Islamic Republic. But Montazeri fell from grace after criticizing the mass execution of prisoners.

An outspoken critic of Khomeini's successor as supreme leader, Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, Montazeri was viewed as the spiritual patron of the pro-reform opposition movement that led the big protests following June's disputed presidential polls.

Despite dozens of arrests and security crackdowns, the protests have repeatedly flared up.

The reports from Qom could not be verified independently because foreign media were banned from reporting directly on protests and were told not to travel to Qom for Montazeri's funeral, which took place earlier on Monday.

A reformist website, Kaleme, said Mousavi's car was attacked while he was returning to Tehran from the funeral and the car's back window was smashed in the attack.

"On the way back from Qom to Tehran before noon ... a group of plainclothes men riding motorcycles attacked the car carrying Mousavi, as a consequence of which one member of Mousavi's entourage was injured," Kaleme said.

"One of the assailants shattered the back window of the car carrying Mousavi," Kaleme said, adding that one of the attackers was also injured in the incident.

CLASHES NEAR MONTAZERI'S HOUSE

Earlier, violence flared when security forces around Montazeri's house clashed with stone-throwing protesters, the reformist website Norooz said. There was no official comment.

The moderate Parlemannews website cited "information received" of shots fired in the air near Qom's main shrine and also of the use of tear gas, without giving details.

Pictures obtained by Reuters showed scuffles apparently between government and opposition supporters.

The reformist website Jaras said hundreds of thousands of people joined a procession for Montazeri.

"Innocent Montazeri, your path will be continued even if the dictator should rain bullets on our heads," the crowd chanted.

The Ayande website estimated the number of people attending the funeral ceremony at tens of thousands.

Iran's internal unrest, highlighted by Montazeri's arguments that the leadership had lost its legitimacy, has complicated the dispute over the Iranian nuclear program, which the West believes may have military ends, not just civilian purposes.

Opposition leaders Mousavi and Mehdi Karoubi were photographed paying their condolences at Montazeri's house. Reformist websites said security forces arrested some opposition supporters trying to reach Qom and turned others away.

The cleric's death occurred in the tense run-up to Ashura, a politically laden Shi'ite religious commemoration that offers the opposition another opportunity to show its strength.

Shouts of "Oh Hossein, Mirhossein" also rose from mourners near Iran's second holiest shrine, many wearing green wristbands to show support for Mousavi.

Their cries echoed traditional Ashura laments for Hossein, a grandson of the Prophet Mohammad, killed in a 7th-century battle that sealed the schism between Sunni and Shi'ite Muslims.

Ashura, a key occasion in the Islamic Republic's calendar, will coincide with the seventh day of mourning for Montazeri, making it harder for authorities to keep people off the streets.

BARBED CONDOLENCES

Mourners carried pictures of Montazeri and of another Qom-based dissident cleric, Grand Ayatollah Yusuf Sanei.

Supreme Leader Khamenei expressed condolences, but asked God to forgive Montazeri over a "difficult and critical test" that he faced toward the end of Khomeini's life -- making clear that he believed his old rival had failed the test.

Iranian newspapers published no pictures of Montazeri on their front pages, in line with what reformist websites said were orders from the Ministry of Culture and Islamic Guidance.

Khomeini's grandson, Hassan Khomeini, a cleric, paid tribute to a man who had "spent many years of his honorable life ... advancing the high goals of Islam and the Islamic revolution."

Human rights activist and Nobel Prize laureate Shirin Ebadi called Montazeri "the father of human rights in Iran."

President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad's re-election in a June vote that losing candidates Mousavi and Karoubi said was rigged kindled the biggest unrest in the Islamic Republic's 30-year history and split the political and clerical establishment.

[The Minx]

The establishment is terrified of losing legitimacy, and of Montazeri becoming a martyr for the opposition. The fears are well founded. Here's some more about this:

Link

Analysis: Iran's Montazeri challenge


For many years Grand Ayatollah Hoseyn Ali Montazeri was one of the most vocal, and respected, critics from within Iran.

His observations were all the more damaging, because they came from a respected Shia Muslim theologian. As a grand ayatollah he was of a higher clerical rank than the Supreme Leader, Ayatollah Ali Khamenei.

The authorities did not know how to react then, and they will have an even harder time reacting now to the many opposition supporters coming out onto the streets to mourn his passing.

Until 1989, Grand Ayatollah Montazeri was seen as the likely successor to Ayatollah Khomeini, the founder of the Islamic Republic. But shortly before Ayatollah Khomeini's death, Hoseyn Ali Montazeri fell out with him over the execution of thousands of opponents of the government at the end of the Iran-Iraq war.

Since then he had lived in the clerical city of Qom, sometimes under house arrest, always under pressure from the authorities.

'Rule of jurist'

Following President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad's disputed re-election in June, his criticism became even more outspoken. The election was a fraud, he warned, and Iran's leaders were in danger of losing their legitimacy.

It was a message received enthusiastically by many opposition supporters. Yet it was also a strange alliance.

Grand Ayatollah Montazeri represented a growing strand of theological criticism from among Iran's senior clerics.

Many of them are uneasy about the authority vested in the Supreme Leader, Ayatollah Khamenei, under the principle of "Velayat-e-Faqih" - which translates roughly as the rule of the jurist, or the rule of the just.

The unease of those senior clerics has been compounded by the growing power of the Revolutionary Guards, who have increasingly supplanted the clergy as the real power in Iran.

So, Grand Ayatollah Montazeri's views were another example of the deep split at the very heart of the ruling establishment.

Many opposition supporters, though, come from Iran's increasingly secularised younger generation.

While they have enormous respect for Grand Ayatollah Montazeri, their focus is on building a more aspirational, more liberal society - as their critics might charge, a more Westernised Iran.

Huge dilemma

Opposition supporters are already showing their support for the grand ayatollah's principles by going out on the streets to mark his death.

On Monday 21 December some opposition supporters clashed with police after the funeral of a dissident cleric, opposition websites said.

Tens of thousands took part in a procession after Grand Ayatollah Montazeri's funeral in Qom.

They may also look to mark the seven-day anniversary of his death next weekend. There had already been talk of major demonstrations then to coincide with the Shia Muslim festival of Ashura.

It poses a huge dilemma for the government.

Can it really be seen trying to prevent mourners marking the death of a grand ayatollah?

Already the security forces are on alert, and may even try to prevent mourners coming out onto the streets, or travelling to Qom for the funeral.

It poses a new and major challenge for Iran, and those who rule it.